Throughout the ages, stained glass has been
used to decorate Christian churches. These images capture the work of the
Wallis-Wiley glass studios of Pasadena, California. The windows were created in
the 1960’s to decorate St. James Presbyterian Church in Tarzana. The terrible
Northridge earthquake of 1994 destroyed the original building but the windows
were miraculously unbroken. They were carefully packaged and placed in storage
for several years. The glass was redesigned as an essential element in the new
sanctuary which opened on October 11, 1998.
The colors themselves have a function and
meaning in the world of art history symbolism. Stained glass must be
illuminated by sunlight to be fully appreciated. The Sun, in Christian
symbology, represents the coming of the Messiah, Jesus Christ. The sun is a
symbol of Christ from the prophecy of Malachi 4:2 “But unto you that fear my
name shall the Sun of righteousness arise with healing in his wings.”
Christians worship on “Sunday,” originally incorporating an ancient Roman feast
day as the first day of the Christian week.
Symbolism in Christian Art: Color
Blue, as the color of the sky, has long
symbolized heaven and heavenly love. In many paintings, both Christ and Mary
wear blue clothing.
Red, as the color of blood, is symbolic of
both love and hate and is associated with the martyrdom of the saints. Since
red is also a symbol for fire it is used during the season of Pentecost which
commemorates the coming of the Holy Spirit.
Yellow can be an emblem of the sun and
divinity associated with sacredness. Sometimes, yellow suggests jealousy,
treason and deceit. The traitor Judas is often painted in yellow colors.
Green is the color of plants and represents
the triumph of spring over winter, of life over death. Since it is a secondary
color, made of primary colors yellow and blue, it also suggests the
regeneration of the soul through good works and charity. Green is the symbol
for the Epiphany season of the church.
Violet is the color symbol of love and truth
as well as passion and suffering.
Purple has always been the color of royalty
and is often the symbol of God the Father. Sorrow and penitence are also
symbolized by purple and it is the liturgical color for Advent and Lent, the
church’s seasons of preparation anticipating the joyous seasons of Christmas
and Easter.
White has always been associated with purity,
innocence and the holy life. This association is spoken of in the Bible such as
Psalm 51:7 “Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow” or Christ’s
Transfiguration in which Matthew says Christ is seen to be “white as the light”
(Matthew 17:2). White is worn by Christ after his
Resurrection.
Black is the symbol of death and mourning and is
the liturgical color for Good Friday, the day of Christ’s Crucifixion.
Gray, as the color of ashes, symbolizes both
humility and mourning and is associated with the Lenten season. Since gray also
represents the death of the body and the immortality of the spirit, Christ’s
clothing is gray in many paintings of the Last Judgment.
Brown is the color of spiritual death and also
of renunciation of worldly things. It is the color of the Franciscan and
Capuchin orders in the Catholic church.
Rainbows represent God’s covenant with
humanity. As a symbol of union it denotes pardon for man after the Flood and
reconciliation given to humans by God. Jesus is often surrounded by a rainbow
in a throne set in heaven in paintings and
iconography.
Claire Rydell
Music Director
Photographer
Most information was gleaned from these
sources:
Signs & Sumbols in Christian Art--George
Ferguson
Webster’s Dictionary of Proper Names
Webster’s Universal College Dictionary
Unger’s Bible Dictionary
www. sacred-texts.com and other internet
sources